Certain skin types are more susceptible to acne and blemishes. Fortunately, science offers solutions for these skin issues. The beauty industry provides ingredients that are highly effective in fighting acne and diminishing its marks and spots. Azelaic and salicylic acids, to name a couple, are particularly beneficial in treating and preventing acne.
If you are unfamiliar with these ingredients or unsure about their usage, this article will explain the science behind them and offer a comparison between azelaic and salicylic acid for better clarity.
Azelaic Acid
Azelaic acid (1) is derived from plants like wheat, rye, and barley. It gently exfoliates the skin and unclogs pores. Additionally, azelaic acid has soothing and calming properties, making it beneficial not only for acne but also for other skin conditions like rosacea.
Moreover, this acid also addresses blemishes caused by melasma or sunburn. It prevents the formation of pigmented spots, resulting in clear skin. Simultaneously, it reduces skin sensitivity and offers antioxidant benefits.
- Prevents the formation of comedones, thereby reducing blackheads and whiteheads.
- Gently exfoliates the skin and removes dead skin cells
- Soothes inflamed, irritated, and red skin
- Combats acne-causing bacteria
- Helps in evening out the skin tone
- Reduces the appearance of blemishes
Salicylic Acid
Salicylic acid (2) is renowned as one of the most effective skincare ingredients for combating acne
Derived both from willow bark and through industrial synthesis, salicylic acid is a common ingredient in skincare products designed for those with oily or acne-prone skin.
The attributes of salicylic acid enable it to address comedones, excess sebum, and obstructed pores, effectively preventing acne flare-ups. Concurrently, it enhances a lackluster complexion.
- Exfoliates the skin by deeply penetrating the pores and removing surplus sebum
- Cleanses dirt from the pores, keeping them clear
- Targets acne and mitigates blackheads and whiteheads
- Brightens dark spots
- Promotes cellular turnover
- Prevents dark spots due to its anti-inflammatory properties
The table below contrasts azelaic acid and salicylic acid across various aspects for clearer insight:
| Feature | Azelaic Acid | Salicylic Acid |
| Chemical Structure | Dicarboxylic acid sourced from wheat | Beta hydroxy acid sourced from willow bark |
| Function | Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and comedolytic (reduces comedone formation) | Keratolytic (exfoliates dead skin cells), anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial |
| Targeted Conditions | Acne, rosacea, hyperpigmentation | Acne, blackheads, whiteheads, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis |
| Mode of Action | Blocks melanin production, decreases inflammation, and normalizes keratinization | Penetrates pores to dissolve oil and exfoliate dead skin cells, thus preventing clogged pores |
| Side Effects | Mild irritation, itching, dryness, and peeling | Skin irritation, dryness, burning, and redness; can be harsher on sensitive skin |
| Pregnancy/Breastfeeding | Generally considered safe with caution | Generally considered safe with caution, but consult a healthcare professional |
Azelaic Vs Salicylic Acid- How Do They Perform?
Azelaic acid minimizes keratin cell production, thus averting overactive sebaceous glands and clogged pores, keeping acne under control. Conversely, salicylic acid exfoliates the skin and removes dead skin cells, excess sebum, and oil from pores, preventing acne breakouts. It also helps dissolve blackheads and whiteheads.
Azelaic Vs Salicylic Acid- How Do You Use It?
Azelaic Acid: This can be applied twice daily; however, individuals with sensitive skin should use it cautiously (preferably only once daily or on alternate days). It is safe to use with other skincare products containing AHAs, BHA, and retinol, and can be used as a spot treatment for inflammation.
Azelaic Vs Salicylic Acid- How Do You Use It?
Salicylic Acid: Begin with a low concentration (ideally 0.5%) and allow your skin to gradually adjust before increasing the concentration. Avoid overuse to prevent dryness and irritation. As it is a BHA that can dry out the skin, pairing it with hydrating ingredients such as hyaluronic acid can be beneficial.
Regardless of the skincare ingredients you use, ensure to apply a generous amount of sunscreen afterward to shield your skin from sun damage.
Azelaic Vs Salicylic Acid- Side-Effects
Azelaic acid is generally considered safe for all skin types and typically does not cause adverse reactions (3). Nevertheless, some individuals might experience minor irritation and redness, which usually resolve without intervention.
Salicylic acid can lead to dryness, particularly if your skin is already dry. For those with sensitive skin, excessive use might result in irritation (4). Therefore, it is advisable to use it in a low concentration.
Other potential side effects of salicylic acid include peeling, redness, and irritation.
Conclusion
Individuals interested in skincare ingredients may incorporate both azelaic acid and salicylic acid into their routines, but should do so carefully. Salicylic acid is particularly effective for those with acne-prone skin or overactive sebaceous glands. On the other hand, azelaic acid is beneficial for those aiming to reduce blemishes and achieve a more even skin tone.
Always ensure you use these ingredients in low concentrations and choose products from reputable brands. If you experience any adverse reactions, discontinue use immediately and seek advice from a dermatologist.
Related Articles
Hydrator Vs Moisturiser: Which One Should You Choose?